Factores de riesgo en el infarto agudo del miocardio en menores de 50 años en el Hospital Ernesto Guevara. 2007-2009.

Resumen

Abstract:

Introduction: The patients under 50 years old with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) represented a special challenge for the health systems.

Objective: To determine the risk factors that influence on the onset of acute myocardial infarction in patients under 50 years old at the Cardiology Service of “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna” General Teaching Hospital between 2007 and 2009.

Method: A case-control analytic-retrospective study was carried out with 1:2 paired up. The cases were made up of the 75 patients with infarction. For the control each patient was paired up with two healthy patients under 50 years old. The descriptive statistics was used for the clinical-epidemiological variables and the Epinfo version 6 for the study of the risk factors. It was evaluated: ODDS RATIO, confidence interval and probability for 95%.

Results: The male sex and the 36-49 age group prevailed. The anterior ST-segment elevation AMI was of the most frequent one. The majority of the patients received the thrombolytic treatment at the emergency room. Smoking, family history of ischemic cardiopathy and hypertriglyceridemia were associated with the onset of AMI.

Conclusions: Smoking, family history of ischemic cardiopathy and hypertriglyceridemia were considered risk factors with the onset of AMI.

Key words: acute myocardial infarction, risk factors, acute coronary syndrome